Abstract

Globally and in Bangladesh, forest ecosystems are at serious risk from climate change. Investigating the effects of climate change on Bangladesh’s forest ecosystems and identifying practical adaptation measures are the goals of this study. A multidisciplinary approach is used in the study to analyze the intricate relationships between climate change and forest ecosystems from the perspectives of ecology, climatology, and socioeconomics. The paper starts off with a thorough analysis of the body of research on the effects of climate change on forest ecosystems, concentrating on the particular context of Bangladesh. The main climate change-related stressors affecting forests are highlighted in this review, including rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and a rise in the frequency of extreme weather events. The effects of these stresses on forest structure, species composition, and ecosystem services are also examined, both directly and indirectly. Field surveys and remote sensing methods are used to evaluate the state of the forest ecosystems in Bangladesh today. These techniques offer insightful information on patterns in biodiversity, vegetation dynamics, and forest cover. The results demonstrate important changes in forest ecosystems, such as deterioration of the forest, a decline in richness, and altered species distribution. The data also shows how susceptible forests are to climate change, especially in coastal regions like the Sundarbans, the biggest mangrove forest on earth. In addition to ecological effects, the study looks into the economic effects of climate change on Bangladeshi communities that depend on their forests. The study investigates the livelihood strategies of regional communities and their resilience to climate change impacts through surveys, interviews, and participatory methodologies. It addresses the difficulties experienced by populations that depend on forests, including restricted access to forest resources, lost income, and greater susceptibility to natural disasters. The study examines several adaptation mechanisms used at various levels to overcome these problems. In order to encourage climate-resilient forest management practices, it evaluates the success of local efforts, national policies, and international actions. The analysis takes into account how ecosystem-based techniques, climate-smart agriculture, and sustainable forest management might improve local communities and forest ecosystems’ potential for adaptation. The results of this study help to improve understanding of how Bangladeshi forests are affected by climate change and offer suggestions for successful adaptation measures. The study emphasizes the value of incorporating ecological, climatological, and socioeconomic viewpoints when creating thorough adaptation plans. It emphasizes the necessity of concerted efforts by all interested parties, including regional communities, governmental bodies, and international organizations, in order to address the problems brought on by climate change and guarantee the long-term survival of Bangladesh’s forest ecosystems.